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Anogeissus latifolia
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Family:
COMBRETACEAE
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Citation: Anogeissus latifolia (Roxb. ex DC.) Wall. ex Guill. & Perr., Fl. Seneg. Tent. 7: 280. 1832; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 450. 1878; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 466(330). 1919; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 101. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 176. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 195. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 181. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 129. 1995; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 176. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 116. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 253. 1997; Gangop. & Chakrab., Journ. Econ. Tax. Bot. 21: 288. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 133. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 126. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 116. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 248. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 209. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 348. 2009.
Conocarpus latifolia Roxb. ex DC., Prodr. 3: 16. 1828.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Kalkanjiram, Korattykanjiram, Malakanjiram, Mazhukanjiram, Njama, Vekkali, Vellanava
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Axle wood, Button tree, Dindiga tree, Dhawa, Ghatti tree, Indian Gum Tree, Indian sumac
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Description:
Deciduous trees, to 18 m high, bark 10-12 mm thick, surface grey or yellowish-grey, smooth, subverrucose, lenticellate; blaze pinkish-brown; branchlets brown to reddish-brown, drooping, terete, pubescent. Leaves simple, opposite to alternate, estipulate; petiole 5-15 mm, slender, grooved above, glabrous; lamina 2.5-18 x 1.7-9 cm, elliptic, elliptic-oblong, suborbicular, or oblong-obovate, base obtuse, round, cuneate or acute, apex obtuse, emarginate or mucronate, margin entire, glabrous, subcoriaceous; lateral nerves 4-11 paired, pinnate, prominent beneath, arched towards the margin, intercostae scalariform, prominent. Flowers bisexual, 5-6 mm across, pale green or yellow, in axillary aggregated globose heads; peduncle puberulous; pedicel reduced or absent; calyx tube 2 winged, 3-5.5 mm long, produced above the ovary, villous inside, teeth 5, ovate-triangular, to 1 mm long; stamens 10, in 2 series, exserted, 1.5-3 mm long; anthers small; ovary inferior, 1-celled, densely tomentose; ovules 2, pendulous; style 2-3 mm long, thickened at base, villous; stigma simple. Fruit a drupe, 6-8 mm across, greenish-yellow, compressed, puberulous, circular; wings 2, margin entire or slightly undulate, beaked; seed one, obovate.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
April-December
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District(s):
Thiruvananthapuram, Palakkad, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Kannur, Kollam, Thrissur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Moist and dry deciduous forests
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Distribution:
India, Sri Lanka and Pakistan
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Green, Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
250-1300
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Localities:
Peechi, Kattalappara, Chinnar, Charkapetty, Karimutty, Thekkady, Kokkara, Rockpoint, Walayar, Pisiadamala, Pathenthode, Kokkathode, Tolpetty, Kannoth, Agali, Sappal hill-Dhoni R. F., Anapara, Thenmalai, Athirumala
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