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Archidendron bigeminum
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Family:
FABACEAE/LEGUMINOSAE (Subfam.: Mimosoideae)
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Citation: Archidendron bigeminum (L.) Neilson, Opera Bot. 76: 73. 1985; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 338. 2009.
Mimosa bigemina L., Sp. Pl. 517. 1753.
Archidendron monadelphum (Roxb.) Nielson, Adansonia 19: 21. 1979; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 61. 1992; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 23. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 169. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 112. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 242. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 127. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 111. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 204. 2005.
Mimosa monadelpha Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 544. 1832.
Pithecellobium bigeminum (L.) Mart. ex Benth. in Hook.'s London J. Bot.3: 206. 1844; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 303. 1878; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 435(308). 1919.
Pithecellobium monadelphum (Roxb.) Kosterm., Reinwardtia 3: 11. 1954; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 100. 1982; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 94. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 152. 1989; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 176. 1994; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 171. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 189. 1990; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 123. 1995; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 238. 2002.
Abarema bigemina (L.) Kosterm., Bull. Org. Sci. Res. Indonesia 51, f. 34,35. 1954; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 165. 1984.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Kattukonna, Muthakolappan, Pannivaka, Varikiri, Atthaperantha
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Evergreen trees; to 12 m high; bark reddish-brown, prominently lenticellate. Leaves bipinnate, alternate, pinnae 2, opposite, 11-13 cm long, slender, puberulent, a gland in between 2 pinnae; leaflets 4-8, opposite, with a gland in between every pair of leaflets, 6.5-12 x 2.5-5 cm, obovate, oblong or elliptic-acuminate, apex acuminate, base unequally acute, margin entire, puberulent above and below, chartaceous; stipules inconspicuous; rachis 10-11 cm long, slender, pulvinate, pubescent, with a gland near its base; lateral nerves 8-14 pairs, pinnate, prominent, secondary lateral also prominent; intercostae reticulate. Flowers bisexual, white, in globose heads in terminal and axillary panicles; bracteoles lanceolate, persistent. Calyx campanulate, 1.5 mm long, lobes 4, minute, acute. Petals 4, basally connate, 4 mm long, lobes ovate, acute, valvate. Stamens 4, monadelphous, much exserted. Ovary sessile; style filiform; stigma minute; ovules many. Fruit a pod 10 x 1.5-2 cm, twisted, strap-shaped, dehiscent, red within; seeds 3-8, ovoid, smooth, without aril, funicle filiform.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-April
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kottayam, Kollam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Kannur, Malappuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kozhikkode, Thrissur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Semi-evergreen forests
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Distribution:
South West India, Eastern Himalayas, Myanmar and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
300-700
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Localities:
Peechi, Kulathupuzha, Chandanathode, Kallar, Vallakkadavu, Koruthode, Puliyala, Thenkudippara, Karimala, Kummattanthode, Angamoozhy, Arampa, Kannoth, on way to Brahmagiri, Mukkali forests, Kaikatty forests-Pothundy, Siruvani slopes, Kottur R.F., Thalicho
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