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Baccaurea courtallensis
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Family:
EUPHORBIACEAE
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Citation: Baccaurea courtallensis (Wight) Muell.-Arg. in DC., Prodr. 15: 459. 1866; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 367. 1887; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1310(916). 1925; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 260. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 358. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 333. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 409. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 421. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 407. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 339. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 31. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 393. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 281. 1997; Chakrab. & Gangop., Journ. Econ. Tax. Bot. 21: 527. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 606. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 365. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 282. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 599. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 437. 2005; N.P.Balakr. & Chakrab., Fam. Euphorbiaceae India 313. 2007; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 722. 2009.
Pierardia courtallensis Wight, Ic. t. 1912. 1852.
Baccaurea sapida Bedd., Fl. Sylv. t. 280. 1872.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Mootikaya, Mootilpazham, Mootippuli, Mootilthoori
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Evergreen trees to 15 m high; bole uneven with tubercles; bark greyish-yellow,; branchlets terete, rough. Leaves simple, alternate, often clustered towards the tip of branchlets, 5.5-30 x 1.5-8.5 cm, oblanceolate or elliptic-oblanceolate, apex acuminate or caudate-acuminate, base acute, attenuate or cuneate, margin entire, membranous to chartaceous, scattered white furfuraceous above and beneath, often scattered puberulous on midrib beneath; stipules 3-5 mm long, lateral, lanceolate, cauducous; petiole 10-60 mm long, slender, grooved above, glabrescent or puberulous; lateral nerves 4-7 pairs, pinnate, slender, faint, intercostae reticulate, obscure. Flowers unisexual, dark crimson, in densely clustered slender racemes on mature stem. Male flowers: bracts lanceolate, linear-lanceolate or triangular, free, conduplicate, encircling the base of lateral branches; tepals 4-5, 1.5-2 x 1 mm, linear, oblong, elliptic, suborbicular or oblanceolate, glabrous or sparsely puberulous; stamens 4-8, free; anthers basifixed; pistillode clavate. Female flowers: bracts 1-1.5 mm long, lanceolate; tepals 4-5, 2.5-3 x 0.6-1.5 mm, linear, oblong or oblong-elliptic, sparsely puberulous to glabrous, ciliate; ovary superior, 2.5 x 2-3 mm, ovoid or subglobose, 3-locular, ovules 2 in each cell, 3-angled, tomentose; stigmas 3, flabellate. Fruit a capsule, 1.5-3 x 1.5-2.5 cm, subglobose, ovoid, ellipsoid or obovoid, 3 locular, thick walled, often with 6 longitudinal ribs, pink-red when ripe, brown when dry, often verrucose, pubescent, dehiscent; seeds 3, oblong, aril white.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
January-June
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kasaragode, Kollam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Kozhikkode, Thrissur, Wayanad, Ernakulam
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests
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Distribution:
Peninsular India
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Red
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
Yes
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
Peninsular India
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
600-1200
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Localities:
Vellanimala, Vazhachal, Rosemala, Arjunankotta, Uppupara, Kottayali, Arippa, Nilakkal, Chandanathode, Nedumpoyil, Marapalam-Pothundy, Mukkali forests, Vattapara-Siruvani forests, Konnakadu, Thalichola, Parappar, Thenmalai, Choodal forests, Kulathupuzha,
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