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Balanophora fungosa ssp. indica
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Family:
BALANOPHORACEAE
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Citation: Balanophora fungosa J. R. & G. Forst., Char. Gen. Pl. 100. t. 50. 1776, ssp. indica (Arn.) Hansen, Dansk. Bot. Ark 28: 100. ff. 20 & 21. 1972; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 352. 1984; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 242. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 403. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 414. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 402. 1994; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 21,29,36. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 277. 1997; Swarup. et al., Shola For. Kerala 42. 1998; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 599. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 361. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 276. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 277. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 587. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 431. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 714. 2009.
Langsdorffia indica Arn., Ann. Nat. Hist. 2:37. 1838.
Balanophora indica (Arn.) Wall. ex Griff., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 20: 95. 1846; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 237. 1886; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1263(885). 1925.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Athithippali, Kannukuttimadu, Nilamchakka
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Dioecious, parasitic herbs, 10-25 cm high. Rootstock warted with lenticels. Stem stout, short, cylindric, 1.5-2 cm diam. Scale leaves 2.5-3.5 x 1.5-2 cm, ovate to sub orbicular, obtuse at apex, purple. Male inflorescence obovoid, dense raceme, 5-10 cm long, 3-6 cm wide. Flowers small, 0.4-0.6 cm long. Perianth lobes 2-6, white. Stamens 2-6 or more; filaments united. Female inflorescence globose heads, 2-5 cm diam., bright red in colour. Perianth 0. Ovary ellipsoid, minute.
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Habit:
Herb
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Flowering & Fruiting:
January-March
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kollam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Wayanad, Thrissur
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Evergreen forests
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia and Australia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
Yes
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Flower colour(s):
White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
900-1200
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Localities:
Kallar, Rosemala, Olikkudy, Mlappara, Kanthalppara, Campshed area, South Walakkad, Sabari hills, Chandanathode, Teerthundamala, Mukkali forests, Boneccord, Karuvarakundu, Athirumala, Chemungi
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