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Brachiaria mutica
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Family:
POACEAE/GRAMINEAE
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Citation: Brachiaria mutica (Forssk.) Stapf in Prain, Fl. Trop. Africa 9:526.1919; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1769(1226).1934; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 462. 1984; Joseph, Aquatic Angiosp. Malabar 456. 1991; Sreek. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Kerala Grasses 221. 1991; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 529. 1994; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 824. 2009.
Panicum muticum Forssk., Fl. Aeg.-Arab. 20. 1775; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 7: 34. 1896.
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Malayalam Name(s):
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Tall perennials. Culms 50-150 cm high, tufted, erect; nodes densely bearded. Leaves linear-lanceolate, 10-30 x 0.5-2 cm, acuminate, rounded or shallowly cordate at base. Sheaths covered with dense tubercle-based hairs. Ligules membranous, thin, fimbriate. Racemes pseudopaniculate, 10-20 in number, each 2-8 cm long. Rhachis flat, ribbon-like, 0.5-1 mm, laterally covered with solitary or paired stalked spikelets. Pedicels 0.5-2 mm long, with a few white bristles. Spikelets elliptic, 2.5-3.5 mm, crowded, arranged in 2 rows. Lower glume ovate, c. 1 x 0.5 mm, acute, scaly, faintly 1-3-nerved. Upper glume ovate, 3-3.5 x 1-1.5 mm, acute, chartaceous, 5-nerved. Lower floret male. Upper floret bisexual. First lemma ovate, acute, 3-3.5 x 1-1.5 mm, chartaceous, 5-nerved. Palea elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 2.5-3 x 1-1.5 mm, delicate, hyaline, 2-keeled, 2-nerved. Stamens 3; anthers 1-1.5 mm. Second lemma ovate, 2-3 x 1-1.5 mm, rounded at apex, crustaceous, faintly 3-nerved, rugulose. Palea ovate, or ovate-elliptic, 2-2.5 x 1 mm, rounded at apex, crustaceous, 2-keeled, 2-nerved, rugulose except on margins. Lodicules obovate, c. 0.5 mm, denticulate at apex. Stamens similar to those of the lower floret. Ovary oblong-elliptic; styles c. 1 mm long; stigmas c. 1 mm.
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Habit:
Herb
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Flowering & Fruiting:
November-March
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District(s):
Alappuzha, Kollam, Thiruvananthapuram, Kozhikkode
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Shallow water, banks of stream, backwaters and rivers
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Distribution:
Native of America; widespread in all Tropical regions
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Aquatic:
Yes
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
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Weed:
Yes
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Monocot/Dicot:
Monocotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
Yes
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Thamarakulam, Punnamada, R. Block, Thottappally, Thrikkunnapuzha, Pallanthuruthy
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