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Calophyllum calaba
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Family:
CLUSIACEAE/GUTTIFERAE
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Citation: Calophyllum calaba L., Sp. Pl. 514. 1753; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 51. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 67. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 24. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 30. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 21. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 81. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 69. 2005; W. Arisdason & P. Daniel in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 330. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 106. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 133. 2009.
Calophyllum apetalum Willd., Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berlin Mag. 5: 79. 1811; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 79. 1984; N.P. Singh in B.D. Sharma & Sanjappa, Fl. India 3:88.1993; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 69. 1994; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 69. 1990; Ravikumar & Ved, Illustr. Field Guide 100 Red Listed Med. Pl. 70. 2000.
Calophyllum decipiens Wight, Ic. t. 106. 1839; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 76(54). 1915.
Calophyllum wightianum Wall. ex Planch. & Triana, Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 4. 15: 256. 1862; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 274. 1874.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Aattupunna, Cherupunna, Manjapunna, Porapunna, Punna
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Poon spar of Travancore
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Description:
Trees, to 20 m high, bark 15-18 mm thick, surface yellowish-brown, reddish-brown inside rough, deeply fissured; branchlets slender, quadrangular, finely, minutely tomentellous to almost glabrous. Leaves simple, opposite, decussate, 5-11 x 3-5 cm, obovate, ovate-oblong or oblong, apex retuse or obtuse, base acute, cuneate, cuneate-subacute or cuneate-round, margin entire, glabrous, coriaceous; lateral nerves many, parallel, very close, slender, prominent, intercostae obscure ; petiole 4-12 mm long, stout, minutely tomentellous, glabrescent or glabrous, canaliculated above. Flowers bisexual, white, 10-12 mm across, in axillary panicles; peduncle densely rusty pubescent, 5 10 mm long, slender; pedicels 5-20 mm long, with small deciduous bracts at the base, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Sepals 4, white, 8 x 5 mm oblong or obovate, concave, sometimes slightly pilose outside, inner ones thinner, narrower, up to 7 mm long. Petals absent. Stamens numerous, filaments 4-6 mm long, slender; anthers large. Ovary superior, globose, 1-celled, ovule 1, erect; style slender, 3 m long; stigma peltate, concave. Fruit a drupe, 10-12 mm, ovoid, bright orange or yellowish-orange; pericarp thin, pleasantly sweet, edible; seed ovoid to ellipsoid, pale brown.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
September-May
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District(s):
Palakkad, Alappuzha, Kollam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur, Kozhikkode, Kasaragode, Kannur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests and sacred groves
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Distribution:
Western Ghats
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
Western Ghats
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
300-1300
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Localities:
Vazhachal, Champakkad, Vallakkadavu, Attathodu, Arayad, Orukomban, Thekkuthode, Thannithode, Karivara slopes, Kanichukulangara, Nedumkayam, Meenmutty
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