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Canarium strictum
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Family:
BURSERACEAE
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Citation: Canarium strictum Roxb., Fl. Ind. 3: 138. 1832; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 534. 1875; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 172(123). 1915; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 108. 1984; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 47. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 107. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 108. 1994; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 22,30. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 86. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 129. 1997; V. Chithra & A.N. Henry in Hajra et al., Fl. India 4: 440. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 56. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 59. 1999; Ravikumar & Ved, Illustr. Field Guide 100 Red Listed Med. Pl. 74. 2000 Pradeep, Fl. Vellarimala 39. 2000; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 52. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 147. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 115. 2005; A.N. Henry & V. Chithra in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 629. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 202. 2009.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Karutha-kungiliyam, Kungiliyium, Kunthirikkam, Pantham, Pantappayan, Thelli, Viraka, Thellippayin
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Black dammer, Black dhup, Indian white Mahogany
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Description:
Trees, to 30 m high, bole straight, buttressed; bark 4-7 mm thick, surface grey-brown or yellow, smooth, exfoliation small, irregular; blaze yellowish, aromatic; exudation brownish-black, resinous; branchlets velvety-tomentose. Leaves imparipinnate, alternate; stipules obscure; leaflets 7-11, opposite, 7-16 x 3.5-7 cm, ovate, ovate-lanceolate, oblong-ovate or elliptic-ovate, base acute or oblique, apex acuminate, margin serrulate or crenulate, glabrous above, rusty tomentose beneath, coriaceous; petioule 3-10 mm long, stout, tomentose; rachis 22-36 cm long, stout, tomentose, swollen at base; lateral nerves 10-20 pairs, parallel, prominent; intercostae scalariform, prominent. Flowers polygamous, 5-6 mm across, bright yellow; in large axillary panicles; bracts cauducous; male flowers; pedicels short; calyx tube campanulate, pubescent without, 5 mm; lobes 3, 1 mm; petals 3, oblong, concave, apiculate; disc annular, to 6 lobed, apically pilose; staminal tube to 3 mm; stamens 6, free from the disc; filaments 1 to 2 mm; anthers oblong, subequal; pistillode short; bisexual flowers: pedicles elongate; calyx urceolate, 4 mm, pubescent; lobes 3, valvate; petals 3, white, 1 cm long, oblong, pubescent without; disc obscurely lobed, pilose above; staminal tube to 3 mm; filaments 0.5 mm; anthers subequal; ovary superior, to 3.5 mm, 3-celled, ovules 1 in each cell; style 1, stout; stigma capitate, 2-3 lobed. Fruit a drupe, 3.5 x 1.5 cm, ellipsoid, dark blue, 1-3-celled; seeds 1-3.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
January-December
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kozhikkode, Kollam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur, Wayanad, Kannur
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Evergreen forests
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Distribution:
India and Upper Myanmar
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Creamy, White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
750-1400
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Localities:
Peechi, Olikkudy, Uppupara, Pezha, way to Gudalloor, Valiyaparathode, Gurunadhan mannu, Ayyappankovil, Mukkali forests, Thalichola, Vellarimala, Kurisumala
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