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Carallia brachiata
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Family:
RHIZOPHORACEAE
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Citation: Carallia brachiata (Lour.) Merr., Philipp. J. Sci. 15: 249. 1919; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 104. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 172. 1984; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 175. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 156. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 238. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 194. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 180. 1994; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 18. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 174. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 115. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 252. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 132. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 116. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 247. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 208. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 277. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 347. 2009.
Diatoma brachiata Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 296. 1790.
Carallia integerrima DC., Prodr. 3: 33. 1828; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 459(325). 1919.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Vallabham, Vankana, Varanga, Varrungu
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Evergreen trees; to 25 m; bark 10-12 mm thick, dark grey, corky, furrowed, prominently pustular-lenticellate; blaze pink, petiole 6-10 mm stout, glabrous; Leaves simple, opposite, 4-11 x 2-7 cm, obovate, or obovate-oblong, apex acute or obtuse, base attenuate or acute, margin entire, recurved, coriaceous, glabrous and glossy; lateral nerves 6-10 pairs, slender, pinnate, obscure, secondary laterals present; intercostae reticulate, obscure. Flowers bisexual, cream coloured, sessile, small, in short, trichotomous axillary branching cymes; bracteoles minute, calyx tube campanulate, lobes 5-8, ovate, acute, valvate; petals 5-8, clawed, orbicular-cordate, margin deeply lacerate, reddish, inserted on a crenulate disc; disc 10-16 lobed; stamens 10-16, inserted with them on the disc, one of each pair opposite the petal, slightly longer than the other filament, which is opposite to a sepal; filaments filiform; anthers small; ovary half inferior, 3-5-celled; ovules 2 in each cell; style subulate; stigma 4-lobed. Fruit a drupe, 5-6 mm across, red, filiform; seed one, bright orange, subreniform.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
October-April
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Semi-evergreen forests, also in the plains
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia and Australia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Creamy, Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
300-1200
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Localities:
Vazhani, Vellanimala, Kattalappara, Choodal, Koruthode, Pamba, Puthussery, Anakkalvayal, Boneccord, Nilambur, Angamoozhy, Kuthuparamba, Mukkali forests, Karivara slopes, Vandanam, Pooyamkutty, Vaniampuzha, Kanjirakadavu, Athirumala, Kottur
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