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Clausena austroindica
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Family:
RUTACEAE
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Citation: Clausena austroindica Stone & K.N. Nair, Nordic J. Bot. 14:491. 1994; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 52. 1997; K.N. Nair & M.P. Nayar in Hajra et al., Fl. India 4: 322.1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 52. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 48. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 138. 2002; R.K. Premanath in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 594. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 192. 2009.
Clausena heptaphylla auct. non (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. ex Steud., 1840: Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 504. 1875; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 155(110). 1915; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 104. 1984; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 44. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 82. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 103. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 102. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 57. 1995; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 81. 1996; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 33. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 121. 1997; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 111. 2005.
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Malayalam Name(s):
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Shrubs or small trees; branchlets cylindric, minutely puberulous or glabrous. Leaves alternate, up to 40 cm long with marginate or narrowly winged, puberulent or glabrous; leaflets 5 to 9, subopposite to alternate, 5.5-16 x 2.5-6 cm; lateral ones slightly assymetric, lanceolate to obovate, attenuate to cuneate at base, acuminate, obtuse or rounded at apex, crenate or undulate, glands beneath usually convex; lateral nerves 6-12 pairs; tertiaries finely reticulate. Inflorescence terminal and from uppermost leaf axils, narrowly paniculate, up to 20 cm long; bracteoles 2, oblong-lanceolate, unequal, ca 1 mm long, ciliate. Flowers subglobose; pedicels 2-5 mm long, glabrescent. Calyx 5-(4)-lobed, glabrous; lobes rounded, deltate, 0.5 mm long, with a conspicuous terminal pellucid gland, margins minutely ciliolate. Petals 5 (4), imbricate, elliptic, obtuse, 3-5 x 1.5-3 mm with obscure glands, white. Stamens 10, five longer, alternating with five shorter; filaments slightly thickened in middle; upper part subulate and the lower dilated; anthers oblong or rhomboid, cordate, ca 1.5 mm long, sometimes with a terminal gland on connective. Ovary seated on a small but distinct gynophore, subglobose, ca 1 x 1.5 mm, distinctly papillate-glandular, usually also slightly puberulent, 5-locular, (rarely 4-louclar), each with 2 collateral ovules; style short, caducous, shorter than ovary, glabrous, tipped by a truncate stigma manifestly wider than the style. Berries globose, oblate, usually about 8 x 12 mm broader than long, greenish, glandular.
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Habit:
Shrub
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Flowering & Fruiting:
January-April
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kollam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests
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Distribution:
Southern Western Ghats
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Green, White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
Southern Western Ghats
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
200-1600
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Localities:
Peechi, Vazhachal, Choodal, Kattalappara, Rosemala, Koruthode, Pooppara, Aruvanpara, Walakkad, Thekkuthode, Pampa thriveny, Chandanathode, Kudam-Siruvani forests, Nadugani ghats, Karuvarakundu, Teppakulam, Bonaccord, Agasthymala peak, Peppara
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