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Clerodendrum calamitosum
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Family:
VERBENACEAE
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Citation: Clerodendrum calamitosum L., Mant. Pl. 1: 90. 1767; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 591. 1885; V.J. Nair & R. Ansari, Journ. Econ. Tax. Bot. 3: 605. 1982; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 233. 1982; Sivar. & Manilal, Journ. Econ. Tax. Bot. 3: 814. 1982; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 292. 1985; Rajendran & Daniel, Indian Verbenaceae 89. 2002.
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Malayalam Name(s):
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
White Butterfly
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Description:
Undershrub, to 0.75 m high, rhizomatous; stem terete, subglabrous; branchlets slender, obtusely 4-angular, grey or brownish, sparsely pubescent, medullose; internodes 1.5-4.5 cm long. Leaves decussate-opposite, the upper most sometimes alternate, oblong, or elliptic-ovate, acute or cuneate or slightly decurrent at base, dentate-serrate along margins, acute or obtuse at apex, 2.5-15 x 1.5-8.5 cm, membranous, bluish green or bright green glabrous except on nerves above, paler pubescent especially on nerves beneath; lateral nerves 4-6 pairs, distinct beneath; petioles canaliculate, slender, 2-4 cm long, densely pubescent. Cymes solitary, terminal and axillary, 3-10-flowered, 1-3 times dichotomous, 6-10 x ca 3.5 cm, pubescent throughout; peduncles terete, slender, 1.5-6 cm long, one per axil; pedicels slender, 0.5-1 cm long. Calyx deeply 5-lobed, almost divided to base, green or red-tinged; lobes linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 0.6-0.3 cm long; pubescent outside. Corolla hypocrateriform, 5-lobed, white or cream-coloured; lobes obovoid, obtuse, ca 0.8 x 0.5 cm; tube narrow, cylindric, ca 2.5 x 0.12 cm, pubescent outside. Stamens 4, didynamous; filaments filiform, curvate, exserted, 2-2.5 cm long, cream-coloured; anthers oblong, brown. Ovary ovoid, ca 0.2 cm across; style slender, 2.5-3 cm long, slightly surpassing filaments; stigma 2-lobed; lobes divaricate, unequal. Drupes globose, 6-10 mm, violet to black; fruiting-calyx leathery.
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Habit:
Shrub
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Flowering & Fruiting:
Throughout the year
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District(s):
Kasaragode, Kannur, Kozhikkode
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Introduced as ornamental plant; now naturalised.
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Distribution:
Native of Malesia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
White, Creamy
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
Yes
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Garden:
Yes
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Pappinisseri, Kasaragod
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