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Crataeva magna
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Family:
CAPPARACEAE
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Citation: Crataeva magna (Lour.) DC., Prodr. 1: 243. 1824; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 71. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 63. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 47. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 65. 1989; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 58. 1990; Sundararagh. in B.D. Sharma & N.P. Balakr., Fl. India 2: 324. 1993; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 42. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 54. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 16. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 14. 2002; R. Sundara. & N.P. Balakr. in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 248. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 94. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 117. 2009.
Capparis magna Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 330. 1790.
Crataeva nurvala Buch.-Ham., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 15: 121. 1827; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 32. 1982; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 56. 2005.
Crataeva religiosa var. nurvala (Buch.-Ham.) Hook. f. & Thoms. in Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 172. 1872.
Crataeva adansonii DC. ssp. odora sensu Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 32. 1982, non (Buch.-Ham.) Jacobs, 1964.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Neermathalam, Neerval, Mavulangam
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Tree leaved caper, Garlic Pear Tree
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Description:
Trees, to 10 m high, bark 2-3 mm thick, surface grey, smooth, longitudinally wrinkled. Leaves alternate, digitately trifoliate; rachis 4-12 cm long, slender, grooved above, glabrous; petiolule 4-7 mm long, slender; leaflets 10-20 x 3.5-6 cm, unequal, ovate, ovate-lanceolate or broadly elliptic, base acute, or subacute, apex acute or acuminate, margin entire, glabrous, coriaceous; lateral nerves 9-15 pairs, slender, parallel, prominent, intercostae reticulate, faint. Flowers bisexual, creamy white, in terminal corymbs; pedicel to 5 cm long. Sepals 4, 3 mm long, free, oblong, adnate to the lobed disc. Petals 4, ca. 2 cm long, creamy white, often tinged with purple, long-clawed, obovate. Disc incurved, nectariferous. Stamens many, free, longer than the petals, inserted at the base of gynophore; anthers basifixed, filaments spreading. Gynophore 4-5 cm long at anthesis, slender; ovary superior, ellipsoid, 1-[2]-celled, ovules many; stigma sessile, capitate. Fruit a berry, globose or ovoid, yellowish-grey, rind woody, scurfy, 4-5 x 2.5-3.5 cm; seeds brown, embedded in pulp.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-April
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
River banks in semi-evergreen forests
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia and China
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Creamy, White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Chimmini, Poringal, Athirapally, Vallakkadavu, Mananthavady, Kuruva Island, Pillackal, Pampa valley, Begur, Kannoth, Taliparamba, Bhavani river bank, Dhoni R. F., Mukkali forests, Thazhakkara, Nedumkayam
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