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Croton malabaricus
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Family:
EUPHORBIACEAE
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Citation: Croton malabaricus Bedd., Fl. Sylv. 204. 1873; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 386. 1887; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1314(919). 1925; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 362. 1984; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 426. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 412. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 326. 1995; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 399. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 284. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 614. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 368. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 286. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 605. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 442. 2005; N.P.Balakr. & Chakrab., Fam. Euphorbiaceae India 214. 2007; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 732. 2009.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Chunnambumaram, Kolavanchi, Pambaram, Thenadal
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Trees, to 20 m high, bark greyish-white, smooth; branchlets stellate-hairy. Leaves simple, alternate, 7-24 x 3-12 cm, rhombic-ovate, broadly ovate or elliptic, apex acuminate, base cuneate, obtuse or round, margin entire, glabrous or with silvery stellate hairs and reddish glands beneath, chartaceous; stipules 12-18 mm long, lateral, filiform, scarious; petiole 10-125 mm long, slender, stellate scales present; prominently, 3-4-ribbed from base; lateral nerves 4-6 pairs, pinnate, prominent, intercostae scalariform, obscure. Flowers unisexual, 5-10 mm across, white, in erect terminal racemes of 5-12.7 cm long; bracts small; perianth 2-seriate; 5-partite, glandular at base; sepals ovate, obtuse, silky tomentose; petals 5, smaller than sepals, obovate. Ovary stellate hairy, 3-celled, ovules one in each cell; styles long, slender, pistillode absent in males; stamens 10-15, filaments bearded. Fruit a capsule 2.5 x 2 cm, obovoid, depressed above, brown tomentose; seeds 13 x 8 mm, oblong, mottled with brown.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
April-November
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District(s):
Palakkad, Idukki, Kollam, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur, Wayanad, Kannur
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Semi-evergreen and evergreen forests
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Distribution:
Southern Western Ghats
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
Southern Western Ghats
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
600-750
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Localities:
Peechi, Poringal, Elanad, Choodal, Kattalappara, Puthussery, Sabarimala, Pezha, Dhoni R. F., Angamoozhy, Neriamangalam to Velvara, Mukkali forests, Thalichola, Kulathupuzha, Bonaccord
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