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Diospyros nilagirica
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Family:
EBENACEAE
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Citation: Diospyros nilagirica Bedd., Ic. t. 136. 1868-1874; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 3: 566. 1882; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 775(545). 1923; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 168. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 269. 1990; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 400. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 231. 1998; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 298. 2005; V. Singh, Monogr. Indian Diospyros 181. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 499. 2009.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Karimchora, Karu, Karimthuvara
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Evergreen dioecious trees, to 18 m high, bark 10-12 mm thick, black, smooth; branchlets, young leaves and inflorescence densely rufous tomentose. Leaves simple, alternate, 5-15 x 2-4 cm, elliptic, oblong-lanceolate or ovate, apex acuminate, base attenuate, margin entire, reflexed, coriaceous, densely rufous tomentose when young, glabrous when mature; petiole 6-12 mm, slender, glabrous; lateral nerves 6-9 pairs, slender, pinnate, faint, intercostae reticulate, faint. Flowers unisexual, yellowish-white. Male flowers: 3-6, in axillary cymes, 10-12 mm long; calyx campanulate, deeply 4 lobed; lobes broadly ovate or orbicular, obtuse, densely fulvous hairy, margin strongly reflexed; corolla salver shaped; lobes 4, ovate, obtuse, hairy without, twisted; stamens 16, in pairs of unequal length; filaments of each pairs connate at base, villous; anthers lanceolate, apiculate; pistillode globose, densely hairy. Female flowers : solitary, axillary, sessile, calyx and corolla as in male flowers; staminodes 8, longer and shorter alternate with each other; filaments villous; anthers linear; ovary superior, sessile, globose, 8-celled, ovule 1 in each cell, densely hairy; styles 4, much reflexed; stigma dilated. Fruit a berry 2.5 x 2.5 cm, globose, green, glabrous, calyx not enlarged; seeds 12 x 7 mm, compressed; endosperm equable.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
February-May
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District(s):
Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Palakkad, Wayanad, Kannur
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Evergreen forests
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Distribution:
Southern Western Ghats
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
Southern Western Ghats
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Mlappara, Pachapallam, Varadimalai area, Sispara, Pampa, Karappa, Kudam-Siruvani forests, Karuvarakundu
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