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Ficus callosa
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Family:
MORACEAE
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Citation: Ficus callosa Willd., Mem. Acad. Roy. Sci. Hist. (Berlin) 102. 1798; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 516. 1888; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1364(954). 1928; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 276. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 378. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 354. 1985; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 446. 1990; ; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 428. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 392. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 310. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 631. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 463. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 771. 2009.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Kadaplavu
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Trees, to 45 m high, bark 10-15 mm thick, surface grey, smooth, lenticellate, fibrous; blaze creamy yellow, latex watery turning yellowish-white. Leaves simple, alternate spiral; stipules 15-30 mm long, broadly ovate, pubescent; petiole 25-70 mm long, stout, grooved above, not articulated, glabrous; lamina 10-30 x 7.5-13 cm, elliptic, broadly oblong or ovate-oblong, base round, obtuse or subcordate, apex obtusely acute, round, margin entire, slightly recurved, coriaceous, glabrous, glossy above and scabrid beneath; 3-5-ribbed from base, lateral nerves 5-12 pairs, pinnate, prominent, intercostae reticulate, prominent. Flowers unisexual; inflorescence a syconia, axillary, solitary subglobose, puberulous-scabrid, peduncle to 1.5 cm long, pubescent-scabrid; basal bracts 3, 1.5-4 mm long, broadly ovate, pubescent, persistent, yellow, when ripe, orifice closed with 3 apical bracts separating to show the interval bracts; internal bristles none, receptacle wall thick; flowers of 4 kinds, numerous, scattered, sessile with 2 stamens or pedicellate with 1 stamens; tepals 4-6, red, lanceolate in sessile flowers, spathulate in pedicellate flowers, free, glabrous; filament short, thin; anthers small, ovate; female flowers and gall flowers similar, sessile or pedicellate; tepals 4-6, red, lanceolate, free, glabrous, ovary superior, obovoid; style elongate; stigma bifid. Syconium greenish-yellow when ripe, 2.5 cm across; basal bracts yellow; achene oblong, slightly keeled.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-April
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District(s):
Thiruvananthapuram, Palakkad, Idukki, Kasaragode, Kollam, Pathanamthitta, Kozhikkode, Wayanad, Thrissur, Malappuram
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Semi-evergreen and moist deciduous forests, also in the plains
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
600-800
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Localities:
Peechi, Kokkara, Pezha, Nadugani ghats, Moozhiar, Taliparamba, Munnar, Kaikatty, Ayyappankovil, Bonaccord
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