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Ficus nervosa
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Family:
MORACEAE
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Citation: Ficus nervosa Heyne ex Roth in Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. 1: 513. 1817; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 512. 1888; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1364(954). 1928; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 379. 1984; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 432. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 448. 1990; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 12,24,31. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 429. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 304. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 668. 1997; Sasidh. & Anto in Manoharan et al., Silent Valley-Whispers Reason 140. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 395. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 312. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 634. 2002; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 773. 2009.
Ficus angustifolia Roxb., Fl. Ind. 3: 554. 1832.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Eechamaram
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Evergreen trees, to 30 m high, bole buttressed; buttresses to 6 m high; bark 10-12 mm thick, grey to greyish-brown, often mottled with black, smooth; latex scanty, white, turning to yellow soon. Leaves simple, alternate, spiral, pinkish-brown when young, 6-17.5 x 4-8 cm, elliptic, oblong-lanceolate, ovate-elliptic or oblanceolate, apex acute or acuminate, base round or acute, margin entire, or slightly undulate, glabrous, glossy, coriaceous; 3-5-ribbed from base, glandular at basal nerve axils beneath; lateral nerves 5-12 pairs, pinnate, prominent, looped near the margin, intercostae reticulate, prominent; stipule 10-12 mm long, lateral, ovate-lanceolate, membranous, puberulous, cauducous, leaving an annular scar; petiole 10-25 mm long, stout, grooved above, glabrous. Flowers unisexual; inflorescence a syconia, axillary and on twigs behind the leaves, paired or solitary, 8-15 mm across, subpyriform, hard, orifice circular, depressed, closed by 3 flat, apical scales, internal bristles 0;peduncle to 1 cm, slender, basal bracts 0 but 3 small, free, round-ovate pubescent bracts low down on the peduncle; flowers unisexual, of 4 kinds; male flowers few, only near the mouth of receptacle, pedicelled, tepals 2-3, red, free; stamen 1, filaments as long as the anther, adnate to one sepal; anther broadly oblong, mucronate; female flowers rarely pedicelled, sepals 3, lanceolate, red, style filiform, stigma bifid; gall flowers pedicellate; sepals 3, elongate, acuminate, ovary superior, ovoid, smooth; style short. Syconium depressed globose, red, glabrous, to broadly round to truncate, on elongate stalks; achenes smooth.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-May
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District(s):
Palakkad, Idukki, Kollam, Malappuram, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur, Wayanad, Kozhikkode
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Semi-evergreen and evergreen forests
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia to Australia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
1000-1200
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Localities:
Peechi, Vellanimala, Poringal, Vazhani, Kallar, Chenthamara, Kokkara, Arjunankotta, Sabarimala, Puliyala, Odanthode, Mukkali forests, Sappal hill-Dhoni R. F., Silent Valley R. F., Pooyamkutty, Nedumkayam, Athirumala
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