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Garcinia spicata
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Family:
CLUSIACEAE/GUTTIFERAE
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Citation: Garcinia spicata (Wight & Arn.) Hook. f., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 14:486.1875; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 74(53). 1915; N.P. Singh in B.D. Sharma & Sanjappa, Fl. India 3: 125. 1993; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 23. 1995; W. Arisdason & P. Daniel in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 342. 2005.
Xanthochymus spicatus Wight & Arn., Prodr. 102. 1834.
Garcinia ovalifolius (Roxb.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 1:269. 1874, incl. vars. except macrantha, non Oliver 1868.
Garcinia spicata (Wight & Arn.) Hook.f. var. glomerata Vesque in A. & C. DC., Monogr. Phan. 8: 311. 1893.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Manjananku
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Garcinia
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Description:
Evergreen trees; to 25 m high, bark 10-12 mm, yellowish-brown mottled with white, smooth hoop-ringed, brittle; blaze creamy-yellow; exudation milky, white to yellowish-green, sticky; branches horizontal; branchlets opposite, 6-ribbed; very young twigs and inflorescence densely minutely pubescent. Leaves simple, opposite, decussate, estipulate; petiole 10-20 mm, stout, often pubescent initially, grooved above; lamina 7-22 x 4-8 cm, ovate-elliptic, elliptic-oblong or oblong base acute or obtuse, apex obtuse, emarginate or obtusely acute, margin entire, glabrous, coriaceous; lateral nerves 12-20 pairs, parallel, arched towards the margin forming intramarginal nerve, prominent, secondary laterals prominent, intercostae laxly reticulate, prominent. Flowers polygamodioecious, white, in the axils of leaves or fallen leaves; male flowers: in axillary fascicles or pseudo-spikes; bracts minute, pilose; pedicels slender, 6-12 mm long; sepals 4 or 5, 3 x 4 mm, pale green, suborbicular, concave, the outer two coriaceous, the inner larger, thinner, margin ciliate; petals 5, white, obovate, concave, membranous; stamens in 5 erect, long clawed spathulate fascicles, opposite to petals; anthers didymous; pistillode clavate, smooth; female flowers: solitary, axillary or paired, usually on much more longer pedicels than the male; staminoides 5, small with weak anthers; ovary superior, globose, terete, 4-celled, ovule one in each cell; style 1 mm long; stigma peltate, lobed to the centre, lobes cuneiform. Fruit a berry, broadly oblong, yellowish, smooth, with bad odour, pulp sweet, acidic, bitter after taste, 3-4 cm across,; seeds 1-3, up to 2.5 cm long, oblong, latterly flattened, testa brown, veined.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-August
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District(s):
Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests
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Distribution:
India and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
White, Green
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Peechi, Vellanimala, Rosemala, Mamood, Pamba, Kariamchola, Muthuvarachal, Ayyappancovil, Mukkali forests, Pooyamkutty, Teppakulam
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