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Holmskioldia sanguinea f. citrina
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Family:
VERBENACEAE
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Citation: Holmskioldia sanguinea Retz. f. citrina Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 58. 1961; Rajendran & Daniel, Indian Verbenaceae 174. 2002.
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Malayalam Name(s):
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Straggling shrubs, or woody vine, to 6 m high; branches and branch lets slender, acutely 4-angular; young parts pubescent, glabrous when mature; nodes obscurely annulate; internodes 2.5-11 cm long. Leaves opposite, 4-10.5 x 3-7 cm, ovate or elliptic-ovate, truncate or rounded to subcordate at base, crenate-serrate along margins, acuminate-caudate at apex, chartaceous, sparsely pubescent or nearly glabrous above, pubescent on nerves conspicuously gland-dotted beneath; lateral nerves 4-5 pairs; petioles slender, 1-3 cm long, pubescent. Racemes cymose, axillary and terminal, much abbreviated, to 5 cm long; bracts ovate or elliptic, acute at apex, 5-20 x 4-10 mm, glabrous; pedicels ca 1 mm long. Calyx campanulate to saucer-shaped, faintly 5-lobed, or entire, ca 2.5 x 2 cm, scarlet, membranous, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, lemon yellow, older calyx becoming greenish-yellow. Corolla infundibular, 2-lipped, 5-lobed, lemon yellow; upper lip ovate, subacute, 3-4 mm long; lower lip 4-lobed; lobes rotund, obtuse, 1-2 mm; tube narrow, cylindric, curvate, ampliate towards apex, ca 2 x 0.4 cm, pubescent outside. Stamens 4, didynamous; filaments slender, 1.5-2.5 cm long, exserted, hairy; anthers ovoid, white. Ovary conical, ca 4 x 3 mm, glabrous; style slender, 2-2.5 cm long; stigma obscurely 2-lobed; lobes subequal. Drupes obovoid or subglobose, ca 1 x 0.8 cm, deeply 4-lobed, splitting into 4 pyrenes; seeds 1-4, verrucose or rugose; fruiting-calyx accrescent, rotate or circular, expanded, 1.5-2 cm, glabrous.
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Habit:
Shrub
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Flowering & Fruiting:
August-May
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District(s):
Wayanad, Idukki, Palakkad, Thrissur
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Grown as garden plant
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Distribution:
Hawaiian Islands and Zimbabwe
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
Yes
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Garden:
Yes
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
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