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Hopea parviflora
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Family:
DIPTEROCARPACEAE
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Citation: Hopea parviflora Bedd., Fl. Sylv. t. 7. 1869; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 308. 1874; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 82(59). 1915; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 83. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 72. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 57. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 74. 1990; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 51. 1990; K.P. Janardh. in B.D. Sharma & Sanjappa, Fl. India 3: 228. 1993; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 75. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 27. 1995; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 56. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 73. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 34. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 28. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 32. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 24. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 93. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 74. 2005; K.P. Janardh. & W. Arisdason in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 365. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 111. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 141. 2009.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Irumbagam, Iripu, Kambagam, Thambagam, Urippu
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Iron wood of Malabar, White Kongu, Hopea
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Description:
Evergreen trees, to 35 m high, bole straight, buttressed, bark 6-10 mm, light brown or grey, mottled with white, rough vertically fissured, fibrous; branchlets reddish-brown, slightly pubescent. Leaves simple, alternate, 8-11.5 x 3-5 cm, ovate, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, apex acute or glabrous, apiculate, base acute obtuse, cordate or subcordate, coriaceous; lateral nerves 8-12 pairs, pinnate, prominent, intercostae scalariform, faint, domatia present; petiole 10-12 mm, slender, pubescent when young, glabrous when matured, grooved above; stipules small, lateral, deciduous. Flowers bisexual, 3-4 mm across, creamy yellow, in unilateral terminal and upper axillary, tomentose racemose panicles. Sepals 5, 3 mm long, tomentose outside. Petals 5, 6 mm long, oblong, glabrous, fimbriate at apex. Stamens 5, rarely 10, slightly connate; connective of anthers produced into a subulate point. Ovary superior, glabrous, ovules 2 in each cell; style short, subulate. Fruit a nut, 5-6 mm long, terete, glabrous; wings 2, 6 x 1.8 cm, 8-10 nerved, glabrous.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
January-June
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, along in the plains in sacred groves
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Distribution:
Southern Western Ghats
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Creamy, Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
Southern Western Ghats
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IUCN status:
Vulnerable (VU)
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Peechi, Kattalappara, Kuttar, Koruthode, Pothundy, Muthalakkuzhi, Kannoth, Parappa, Kaikatty forests-Pothundy, Mararikulam, Nedumkayam, Karimpuzha, Teppakulam, Kottur, Karamanayar region, Meenmutty, Attayar
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