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Hopea ponga
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Family:
DIPTEROCARPACEAE
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Citation: Hopea ponga (Dennst.) Mabb., Taxon 28: 587. 1979; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 42. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 84. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 72. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 58. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 73. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 50. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 74. 1990; K.P. Janardh. in B.D. Sharma & Sanjappa, Fl. India 3: 230. 1993; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 75. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 28. 1995; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 56. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 73. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 34. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 28. 1998; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 75. 2005; K.P. Janardh. & W. Arisdason in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 366. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 112. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 141. 2009.
Artocarpus ponga Dennst., Schluss. Hort. Malab. 15,18,30. 1818.
Hopea wightiana Wall.ex Wight & Arn., Prodr. 85.1834; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1:309.1874; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 82(59). 1915
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Malayalam Name(s):
Eyyakam, Illapongu, Irumbakam, Kambakam, Naduvalippongu, Naithambagam, Nayurippu, Pongu
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Thingam
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Description:
Evergreen trees, to 20 m high, bole fluted, bark dark grey, smooth, exfoliations large, rectangular or irregular; branchlets pubescent. Leaves simple, alternate¸7.5-24 x 3-7 cm, ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong or ovate, base rounded, or obtuse, apex acute, glabrous, coriaceous; lateral nerves 5-10 pairs, pinnate, prominent, intercostae scalariform, faint ; petioles 5-15 mm long, stout, glabrous, grooved above; stipules small, lateral, deciduous. Flowers bisexual, yellowish-pink, in axillary unilateral drooping racemose panicles. Sepals 5, shortly united at base, ovate, glabrous, two outer sepals obtuse, larger than the 3 acute inner ones. Petals 5, 5-8 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, pubescent. Stamens 10 or 15, alternate filaments with two anthers; appendages of anthers filiform, 4 times longer than anthers. Ovary superior, puberulous above, 3-celled, ovules 2 in each cell; stylopodium glabrous; style short, subulate. Fruit a nut, ovoid, 10-12 mm long; calyx lobes expanded to forms wings, dark red; 2 longer wings 5.5-10 x 1-1.5 cm, 8-nerved, 3 smaller ones unequal.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-June
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, also in the plains in sacred groves
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Distribution:
Southern Western Ghats
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
Southern Western Ghats
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IUCN status:
Vulnerable (VU)
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Vazhachal, Rosemala, Thannikkudy, Attappady R.F., Kuruva Island, Aikdau, Taliparamba, Periyarum, Panathur, Kannoth, Mukkali forests, Karivara slopes, Kakadavu, Olakettiyambalam, Nedumkayam, Karimpuzha, Vaniampuzha, Thenmalai
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