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Knema attenuata
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Family:
MYRISTICACEAE
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Citation: Knema attenuata (Hook. f. & Thoms.) Warb., Monogr. Myris. 590. 1897; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1215(851). 1925; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 340. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 322. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 390. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 345. 1989; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 400. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 386. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 308. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 24,31. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 377. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 260. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 579. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 340. 1998; Ravikumar & Ved, Illustr. Field Guide 100 Red Listed Med. Pl. 219. 2000 Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 265. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 558. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 420. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 691. 2009.
Myristica attenuata Wall. ex Hook. f. & Thoms., Fl. Ind. 157. 1855; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 110. 1886.
Myristica corticosa Bedd., Fl. Sylv. t. 278. 1872.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Chennelli, Chorapali, Chorappathiri, Chorappayin
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Deciduous trees, to 18 m high, bark 6-8 mm thick, surface greenish-black to greenish-brown, mottled with green and white, smooth, exfoliations irregular; exudation watery, red; branchlets horizontal; branchlets rusty tomentose. Leaves simple, alternate, distichous, 8-20 x 2.5-7.5 cm, oblong-lanceolate, oblong or ovate, apex acuminate, base round, or acute, margin entire, glabrous, glossy above and glaucous beneath or rusty pubescent along costae beneath, coriaceous; petiole 1-1.5 cm long, stout, grooved above, rusty pubescent when young and glabrous when mature; lateral nerves 12-16 pairs, parallel, slender, prominent beneath, intercostae scalariform, slender, prominent. Flowers unisexual, in rusty pubescent fascicles on thick peduncle from the axils of leaves or of the scars of fallen leaves; male 1-6 flowered, female 1-3 flowered; pedicel 7-8 mm long; perianth larger in female, rusty tomentose; lobes 3-[4]; androecium usually stalked; filaments and connectives connate in a peltate disc; anthers 8-20, free, attached stellately to the margin of the disc, dehiscing down words. Ovary superior, ovoid, 1-celled, hairy, ovule-1; style short, thick, hairy; stigma 2, laciniate on the margin. Fruit a capsule 2-valved, 3-3.7 cm long, ovoid, apiculate, rusty tomentose; seed one; aril brilliant crimson, laciniate at apex only.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
December-June
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kottayam, Kasaragode, Kollam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur, Wayanad, Kozhikkode
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests
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Distribution:
Western Ghats
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Red, Pink
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
Western Ghats
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
300-1600
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Localities:
Vellanimala, Pullankandom, Kattalappara, Choodal, Koruthode, Thekkady, Chenthamara, Karimala, Parambikulam, Kottayali, Orukomban, Arippa, Nadugani ghats, Almost all hills, Chandanathode, Chembukkavu, Ayyappankovil, Kaikatty, Mukkali forests, Silent Valle
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