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Myristica beddomei ssp. beddomei
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Family:
MYRISTICACEAE
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Citation: Myristica beddomei King, Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 3: 291, t. 118. f.1-8,1891, ssp. beddomei: de Wilde, Blumea 42: 151. 1997; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1214(850). 1915; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 692. 2009.
Myristica dactyloides auct. non Gaertn. 1788; Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Singapore 23: 445. 1968; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 341. 1984; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 233. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 390. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 400. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 387. 1994; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 24,31. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 378. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 261. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 580. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 340. 1998; Ravikumar & Ved, Illustr. Field Guide 100 Red Listed Med. Pl. 246. 2000 Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 265. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 559. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 421. 2005.
Myristica laurifolia auct. non Hook. f. & Thoms. 1855; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 103. 1886.
Myristica laurifolia var. lanceolata Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 103. 1886.
Myristica contorta Warb., Monogr. Myris. 5-7. 1897; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1214(850). 1925.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Adakkapayin, Chithirapoovu, Kattujathi, Kothappayin, Painpoo, Pasupathi, Pathiripoovu
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Wild Nutmeg
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Description:
Evergreen dioecious trees, to 25 m high, bark 10-14 mm thick, surface blackish-green, smooth, exfoliations small, exudation watery, red; branchlets glabrous except for terminal bud and inflorescence. Leaves simple, alternate, distichous, 12-25 x 4-10 cm, oblong or elliptic-ovate, apex acute, base acute, round or rarely cuneate, margin entire, glabrous, shining above and glaucous beneath, coriaceous; lateral nerves 10-25 pairs, pinnate, prominent, intercostae reticulate, faint; petiole 1-2.5 cm long, grooved above, glabrous. Flowers unisexual, white; male flowers 10-20 together in short axillary dense clusters; peduncle prominently marked with cicatrices of the bracts; pedicels slender, ferrugineous tomentose. Perianth thin, fleshy, rusty tomentose, connate into an urceolate tube, constricted above, suddenly expanded, breaking into 3 ovate, spreading acute lobes. Staminal column narrow to oblong, ferrugineous, included, produced beyond the anther; anthers 7-15, linear-oblong. Female flowers as in male, generally 3-4 in the heads; ovary superior, sessile, ovoid-globose, appressed pubescent, 1-celled, ovule 1; stigma oblique, 2-lobed. Fruit a capsule, 5-7.5 x 3.7-6 cm, ovoid, apiculate, grooved on one side along the suture, pericarp rufous pubescent when young, thick, succulent; seed one, ovoid; aril orange red, encircling the seed, deeply cut down into many lobes, each lanceolate at the apex into filiform segments.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
December-May
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kollam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests
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Distribution:
South India and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
200-1500
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Localities:
Peechi, Sholayar, Rosemala, Kattalappara, Koruthode, Vellimala, Arjunankotta, Kavalappara, Kothala, Silent Valley R. F., Nadugani ghats, Valiyaparathode, Arampa, Mundanpara, Chandanathode, Ambayathode, Pothundy, Mandhampatti-Mukkali, Ampumala, Bonaccord
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