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Neolamarckia cadamba
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Family:
RUBIACEAE
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Citation: Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser, Adansonia ser. 4. 6: 247. 1984; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 227. 1988; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 232. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 161. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 340. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 181. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 156. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 338. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 259. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 361. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 432. 2009.
Nauclea cadamba Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 121. 1824.
Anthocephalus chinensis sensu A. Rich. ex Walp., Rep. 2: 491. 1843, non Cephalanthus chinensis Lam. 1785; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 133. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 204. 1984.
Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 135. 1850; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 3: 23. 1880.
Anthocephalus indicus A. Rich., Mem. Rubiac. 157. 1830; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 583(411). 1921.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Aattuthekku, Kadaarvayura, Kadambari, Kadambu, Kadhamba-vriksham, Kattuchakka, Kodavara, Vellakadambu
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Cadam, Kadam
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Description:
Deciduous trees, to 20 m high, bark 6-8 mm, pale brown, vertically shallowly grooved, exfoliating in small rectangular flakes; branches horizontal. Leaves simple, opposite, decussate, 10-25 x 6-12 cm, ovate or elliptic-oblong, apex acuminate, base truncate or obtuse, margin entire, glabrous above, pubescent beneath; stipules interpetiolar, lanceolate, cauducous; petiole 20-45 mm, stout, glabrous; lateral nerves 10-14 pairs, pinnate, prominent; intercostae scalariform, prominent. Flowers bisexual, yellowish, in globose heads, 2-4.5 cm across. Calyx tube 2-3 mm in diameter, tube globose, lobes 5, 5-6 x 3-4 mm, membranous. Corolla tube 6-8 mm long, lobes 5, oblong, acute, 3-4 cm long, glabrous. Stamens 5, 3 mm long, anthers sagittate, sessile. Ovary 3-4 mm long, 2-celled at base, 4-celled above, inferior, ovules many; style exserted to 5-6 mm, entire; stigma clavate. Fruit a capsule on a fleshy globose receptacle, 3.5-5 cm across, orange yellow, capsule membranous; seeds may, angular, minute.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
April-August
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kottayam, Kollam, Kozhikkode, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Along banks of rivers and streams in evergreen forests, also in the plains
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Distribution:
Asia, Pacific and Australia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
300-700
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Localities:
Sholayar, Kattalappara, Sabarimala, Moozhiar, Parambikulam, Angamoozhy, on way to Kannoth, Nellikuth, Edacode, Kappukadu
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