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Neolitsea scrobiculata
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Family:
LAURACEAE
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Citation: Neolitsea scrobiculata (Meisner) Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1240(868). 1925; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 348. 1984; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 237. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 406. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 397. 1994; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 23. 1996; Swarup. et al., Shola For. Kerala 56. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 353. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 271. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 426. 2005.
Litsea scrobiculata Meisner in DC., Prodr. 15: 223. 1864.
Litsea zeylanica sensu Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 178. 1886, p.p., non Nees 1823.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Mulakunari, Shanthamaram, Vellatan
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Deciduous evergreen trees, to 15 m high; bark grey, smooth; branchlets glabrous, black. Leaves simple, alternate subopposite or in whorls, 5-11 x 2.5-6 cm, elliptic-ovate or ovate, base acute or attenuate, apex obtusely acute or acuminate, margin entire, glabrous above, glaucous beneath, densely scrobiculate, coriaceous; 3-ribbed from base; petiole 15-25 mm long, slender, glabrous; lateral nerves 2-3 pairs, pinnate, faint, intercostae scalariform, faint. Flowers unisexual, 3-8 in axillary, subsessile umbellules; involucral bracts 4, concave, naviculate, deciduous; male flowers: 5 mm across, tepals 4. Stamens 6 in 3 whorls of 2 each, those of the 2 outer rows eglandular, those of the inner row biglandular opposite the first row; filaments to 0.5 mm; anthers 4-celled, 1 m, upper cells introrse, lower lateral; pistillode linear, to 1.5 mm; female flowers: 6 m across; tepals 4, free, lanceolate, 3 mm, acute. Ovary 7 x 5 mm, half inferior, globose; style 2 mm; stigma discoid; staminodes 6, in 3 series, first and second whorl linear, third whorl of stalked staminodes with 2-lobed sterile anthers. Fruit a drupe 8 mm across, globose, with a basal rim of perianth tube; epicarp fleshy, crinkled, brownish-black when dry; seed 6 m across, globose.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
May-August
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District(s):
Wayanad, Palakkad, Kollam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Thiruvananthapuram, Kozhikkode, Kannur
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Evergreen and shola forests
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Distribution:
Western Ghats
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
Western Ghats
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Arjunankotta, Karimala, Kariamchola, Pandaravarai, Pathenthode, Valiyaparathode, Aruvanpara, Kakki hills, Karasurymala, Anamadai area
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