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Sarcandra chloranthoides
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Family:
CHLORANTHACEAE
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Citation: Sarcandra chloranthoides Gard., Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 6: 348. 1846; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 389. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 399. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 385. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 308. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 22,30. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 376. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 259. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 578. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 339. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 265. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 557. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 419. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 690. 2009.
Chloranthus brachystachya sensu Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 100. 1886,p.p., non Blume 1829; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1211(848). 1925.
Sarcandra irvingbaileyi Swamy, Proc. Natn. Inst. Sci. India 19: 301. 1953.
Sarcandra grandifolia (Miq.) Subram. & Henry, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 12: 5. 1972; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 232. 1988.
Chloranthus grandifolius Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 1: 802. 1856; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 339. 1984.
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Malayalam Name(s):
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Erect branching shrubs, 1-1.5 m tall, stem terete, slender, nodes swollen, glabrous, green when young, when mature brown. Leaves simple, opposite, 8-19 x 2-8 cm, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, the base cuneate, apex acuminate, the margin coarsely spinous-serrate, glabrous on both sides; petiole round, up to 2 cm long, glabrous; stipules often forming sheath round the nodes. Inflorescence terminal or axillary spikes or panicles, 3-6 cm long; flowers in nearly opposite pairs on the peduncles. Male flowers borne on side of female flowers, sepals 0, stamen cylindrical, fusiform, up to 6 mm long, fleshy and thick, very distinct with one complete anther opening by a longitudinal valve, entire stamen deciduous after pollination. Female flowers sessile, sepals 0, ovary 1-ovuled; stigma sessile, truncate. Berry 8 x 4 mm, ovoid, purplish-black, smooth.
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Habit:
Shrub
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Flowering & Fruiting:
December-May
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kottayam, Idukki, Kollam, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Evergreen and moist deciduous forests
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Distribution:
India and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Green
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
700-1200
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Localities:
Sholayar, Kallar, Mlappara, Pampa, Pooppara, Ponmudi, below Punnamala, Arampa, Kakki hills, Teerthundamala, Devicolam, Siruvani slopes, Karuvarakundu, Teppakulam, Thenmalai, Attayar, Athirumala
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