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Semecarpus travancorica
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Family:
ANACARDIACEAE
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Citation: Semecarpus travancorica Bedd., Fl. Sylv. t. 232.1872; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 31. 1876; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 267(190). 1918; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 130. 1984; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 114. 1989; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 129. 1994; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 124. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 84. 1998; Ravikumar & Ved, Illustr. Field Guide 100 Red Listed Med. Pl. 340. 2000 D. Chandra & S.K. Mukh. rjee in N.P. Singh et al., Fl. India 5: 504. 2000; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 80. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 186. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 148. 2005; V. Chandra. in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 817. 2005.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Avukkaram
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Trees, to 30 m high, bark surface greyish-brown blotched with black, smooth, glabrous; blaze dull red; exudation black on drying. Leaves simple, alternate, clustered at the tips of branchlets, estipulate; petiole 20-110 mm, stout, glabrous; lamina 20-60 x 10-15 cm, obovate or obovate-oblong, base acute, apex obtuse, round or emarginate, margin entire, revolute, glabrous, coriaceous; lateral nerves 12-21 pairs, parallel, ascending, prominent, intercostae reticulate, prominent. Flowers polygamous, greenish-yellow in axillary and terminal glabrous panicles; calyx lobes 5, imbricate, deciduous; petals 5, ovate, glabrous, imbricate; disc broad annular; stamens 5, inserted below the disc; filaments filiform, as long as or longer than the petals in male flowers, shorter than petals in bisexual flowers; anthers oblong; ovary superior, glabrous, 1-celled, ovules pendulous from a basal funicle; styles three, divergent. Fruit a drupe, 3-3.7 cm long, fleshy, obliquely oblong, black, striate, seated on a short broad furrowed hypo carp; pericarp thick; seed pendulous.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
November-March
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District(s):
Thiruvananthapuram, Idukki, Palakkad, Kollam, Pathanamthitta, Kottayam, Thrissur
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Semi-evergreen forests
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Distribution:
Southern Western Ghats
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow, Green
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
Southern Western Ghats
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IUCN status:
Vulnerable (VU)
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Altitude:
1000-1300
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Localities:
Sholayar, Pachakkanam, Arjunankotta, Pooppara, Kakki hills, Boneccord, Athirumala
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