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Solanum violaceum ssp. violaceum
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Family:
SOLANACEAE
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Citation: Solanum violaceum Ortega, Nov. Pl. Descr. Dec. 56. 1798, ssp. violaceum; Hepper in Dassan. & Fosb., Rev. Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6: 378. 1987; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 190. 1982; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 504. 1990; Matthew, Kew Bull. 46: 545. 1991; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 352. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 487. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 574. 2009.
Solanum anguivi auct. non Lam.: Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 274. 1989; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 278. 1984; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 310. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 318. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 321. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 243. 1995; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 317. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 220. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 464. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 272. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 218. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 212. 2002.
Solanum indicum Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 234. 1883, non L. 1753; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 938(658). 1923.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Chunda, Cheruchunda, Cheruvazhuthina, Puthirichunda, Kandamullu
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Poison berry, Indian nightshade
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Description:
Armed undershrubs, up to 1.5 m tall; branches minutely stellate-hairy on young parts, glabrate when mature. Leaves 5-12 x 4-7 cm, ovate or ovate-oblong, sinuately to deeply lobed, apex subacute,base rounded or unequal, sparsely stellate-hairy above, stellate-woolly beneath, prickly on the nerves; petiole to 2.5 cm long. Flowers bluish-violet in extra-axillary racemes; peduncle c. 4 cm long; pedicel to 8 mm long. Calyx cupular; lobes 5, c. 5 mm long, triangular, prickly. Corolla to 2 cm across, campanulate. Stamens 5; anthers c. 5 mm long. Ovary 2 mm across, globose; stigma acute. Berry 0.8-1.3 cm across, globose; orange yellow when ripe.
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Habit:
Shrub
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Flowering & Fruiting:
August-December
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Evergreen, semi-evergreen and dry deciduous forests, also in the plains
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Blue
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Peechi, Kattalappara, Pallippara, Parambikulam, Pandalam, Tolpetty, Tirunalli, Elangad, Attapady block-Mukkali, Muthikulam forests, Mukkali forests, Anavayee forests, Ambalapuzha, Punnapuzha, Vazhikadavu-Gudalloor roadside, Rockwood
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