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Spondias pinnata
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Family:
ANACARDIACEAE
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Citation: Spondias pinnata (L. f.) Kurz, Prelim. Rep. For. & Veg. Pegu Append. A.44. & B.42. 1875; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 72. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 131. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 111. 1985; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 115. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 150. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 139. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 130. 1994; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 125. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 171. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 82. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 85. 1998; D. Chandra & S.K. Mukh. in N.P. Singh et al., Fl. India 5: 507. 2000; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 81. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 186. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 149. 2005; V. Chandra. in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 819. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 190. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 257. 2009.
Mangifera pinnata L. f., Suppl. Pl. 156. 1781.
Spondias mangifera Willd., Sp. Pl. 2: 751. 1799; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 42. 1876; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 261(186). 1918.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Ambazham, Kattambazham, Mampuli, Pithanam
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Hog plum, Indian hog plum, Wild mango
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Description:
Deciduous trees, to 25 m high, bark 15-25 mm thick, surface grey to pale brown, smooth, vertically striated; outer bark 1 mm thick, dead, corky; inner bark semi fibrous, pink, streaked with white; blaze pink; exudation colour less, gummy. Leaves imparipinnate, alternate, clustered at the end of branches, estipulate; rachis 25-45 cm, slender, glabrous, swollen at base; leaflets 5-21, opposite or subopposite; petiolule 2-8 mm long, slender, glabrous; lamina 4-23 x 2.5-10 cm, oblong, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, base obtuse, subacute, oblique or round, apex acuminate or obtusely acuminate, margin entire, glabrous, chartaceous or membranous; lateral nerves many, parallel, close, slender, prominent, connected by an intramarginal nerve, intercostae reticulate. Flowers polygamous, yellowish-white, subsessile, in terminal spreading panicles; calyx small; lobes 5, imbricate, deciduous; petals 5, oblong, glabrous, spreading, valvate; disc thick, annular, 10-crenate; stamens 10, inserted below the disc; filaments slender; anthers versatile; ovary ovoid or subglobose, superior, immersed in the disc, 5-celled, 1 ovule in each cell, pendulous; styles 5, connivent; stigma spreading. Fruit a fleshy drupe, 3.8-5 cm long, yellow, endocarp woody surround by longitudinal interwoven fibres; seeds 1-3, of which only one is perfect, pendulous, oblong.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-December
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Moist deciduous and semi-evergreen forests, also in the plains
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow, White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
Yes
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Vegetable:
Yes
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
600-1650
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Localities:
Vellanimala, Rosemala, Attathodu, Orukomban, Taliparamba, Kalliassey, Ayyappankovil-Nelliyampathi Ghat, Valayar, Pooyamkutty, Thalichola, Karulai, Thenmalai, Karamanayar region, Kurisumala, Athirumala
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