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Stereospermum colais var. colais
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Family:
BIGNONIACEAE
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Citation: Stereospermum colais (Buch.-Ham. ex Dillw.) Mabb., Taxon 27: 553. 1979, var. colais; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 295. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 270. 1985; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 201. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 327. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 294. 1989; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 336. 1990; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 258. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 9,16; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 332. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 230. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 485. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 290. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 228. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 224. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 499. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 371. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 602. 2009.
Bignonia colais Buch.-Ham. ex Dillw., Rev. Hort. Malab. 28. 1839.
Stereospermum tetragonum DC., Prodr. 9: 210. 1845; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 998(701). 1924.
Stereospermum chelonoides sensu Wight, Ic. t. 1341. 1845, non (L. f.) DC.1838; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 383. 1884.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Pathiri, Poopathiri, Pumbathiri, Karingazha, Karinkura, Kouringoura
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Trumpet flower, Yellow snake tree
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Description:
Large trees, to 30 m high; bole rough; bark 1.2 cm thick, pale greyish-brown, transversely rugose, exfoliations irregular. Leaves compound, imparipinnate, opposite, leaflets 7-13, opposite, 4.5-13 x 2-4.5 cm, elliptic-lanceolate, elliptic-oblong, ovate or obovate, apex acuminate or caudate acuminate, base oblique, acute or obtuse, margin entire or serrate, glabrous above and puberulent beneath, chartaceous; rachis 10-21 cm long, slender, puberulent, swollen at base; petiolule 7-12 mm, slender, puberulent, grooved above; lateral nerves 6-10 pairs, pinnate, puberulent beneath, prominent; intercostae reticulate. Flowers bisexual, in terminal lax panicles. Calyx 6 mm long, campanulate, shallowly lobed, lobes 3-5, dorsal lobe much larger than the others, puberulent, tube 1.2-1.5 cm, obtuse. Corolla 2 x 1.5 cm across, yellow with red streaks, infundibuliform, pubescent inside, base glandular hairy, lobes 5, subequal, crisped. Stamens 4, didymous, divaricate; filaments unequal, smaller ones 1-1.2 cm, larger to 2.2-2.5 cm, hairy below; anthers divergent, ca. 5 mm, oblong, included, staminodes present. Ovary sessile, oblong, superior, 2-celled, syncarpous; many ovuled, 1 seriate; style slender; stigma 2, spoon shaped. Fruit a capsule, to 35 x 0.7 cm, subtetragonus, tapering at apex and base, epicarp thin, spirally splitting; seeds 8 mm long, wings obtuse at both ends.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
February-October
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District(s):
Palakkad, Kottayam, Idukki, Kasaragode, Kollam, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Kannur, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Moist deciduous and semi-evergreen forests
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Distribution:
Indo-China and Malesia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
400-750
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Localities:
Peechi, Sholayar, Poringal, Rosemala, Alampetty, Thekkady, Thannikkudy, Vengoli, Walayar, Chindaki forest, Panthenthode border, Thekkuthode, Sabari hills, Tolpetty, Taliparamba, Kannoth, Anmooly slopes, Pooyamkutty, Nedumkayam, Thenmalai, Ariankavu, Bona
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