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Syzygium caryophyllatum
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Family:
MYRTACEAE
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Citation: Syzygium caryophyllatum (L.) Alston in Trimen, Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6: (Suppl.) 116. 1931; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 107. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 179. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 158. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 181. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 160. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 249. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 188. 1994; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 121. 1997; Swarup. et al., Shola For. Kerala 61. 1998; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 262. 1997; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 260. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 215. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 287. 2009.
Myrtus caryophyllata L., Sp. Pl. 472. 1753.
Syzygium caryophyllaeum sensu Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 480(339).1919, non Gaertn. 1788.
Eugenia caryophyllaea Wight, Ic. t. 540. 1842; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 490. 1878.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Cherujara, Kani, Karinjara, Njara, Pottinjaval
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Trees, to 6 m high; bark thick, reddish-brown; branchlets terete. Leaves simple, opposite, 3-8 x 1.3-3.5 cm, obovate or obovate-oblong, apex obtuse, obtusely acute or emarginate, base attenuate or acute, margin entire, glabrous, coriaceous, brown on drying, pellucid-dotted; petiole upto 3 mm long, stout, glabrous; lateral nerves many, close, slender, prominent looped at the margin forming intramarginal nerve; intercostae reticulate. Flowers bisexual, white, 5 mm across, in terminal corymbose cymes, inflorescence branches moderately thick, ascending. Calyx tube 2-2.5 mm long, turbinate, no thick disc. Petals calyptrate. Stamens numerous, bent inwards at the middle when in bud, 2.5-3.5 mm long. Ovary inferior, 2-celled, ovules many; style 1; stigma simple. Fruit a berry, 5 mm across globose, black.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
February-January
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, also in the plains
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Distribution:
Western Ghats and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
500-800
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Localities:
Pongumala, Kuruva Island, Ontangadi, Kodumon, Chandanathode, Cheruvathur, Kakkayangad, Kannavam, Manjeswar, Payyanur, Periyarum, Vandanam, Arikode, Bonaccord
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