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Ternstroemia gymnanthera
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Family:
THEACEAE
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Citation: Ternstroemia gymnanthera (Wight & Arn.) Bedd., Fl. Sylv. 91, t. 91. 1871; A.S. Chauhan & T.K. Paul in B.D. Sharma & Sanjappa, Fl. India 3: 190. 1993; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 92. 2002; K. Vivek. in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 357. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 139. 2009.
Cleyera gymnanthera Wight & Arn., Prodr. 87. 1834.
Ternstroemia japonica sensu Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 280. 1874, non (Thunb.) Thunb. 1794; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 78(56). 1915; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 23. 1988; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 74. 1994; Swarup. et al., Shola For. Kerala 73. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 27. 1998.
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Malayalam Name(s):
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Japanese Cleyera, Japanese Ternstroemia
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Description:
Trees, to 15 m high, bark brown, 1.3 cm thick, smooth or tessellated; branchlets reddish, glabrous, terete. Leaves simple, alternate, often clustered at apices of branchlets, estipulate; petiole 5-25 mm, glabrous, stout, reddish; lamina 4-8 x 1.5-3.5 cm, obovate, oblanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, base cuneate, apex acute or obtuse, retuse, margin entire, slightly revolute, coriaceous, glabrous; lateral nerves 4-5 pairs, pinnate, slender, obscure, intercostae obscure. Flowers unisexual, axillary or extra axillary, solitary, pale yellow, fragrant; pedicels 8-10 mm long, stout, 2-ridged; 2 small ovate bracteoles at the base of calyx; sepals 5, 4-5 x 3-4 mm, broadly ovate to orbicular, coriaceous, glabrous, persistent, connate at the base; petals 5, 6-8 x 5-6 mm, obovate-cuneate, leathery, connate at the base, broadly imbricate; stamens yellow, more than 50, free; filaments adnate to the base of petals; anthers oblong, apiculate; pistillode clavate; ovary superior, 4-5 mm long, 2-3-celled, ovules 2 in each cell; style simple; stigmas 3, sessile. Fruit a berry, ovoid or globose, tipped with persistent style, brown; seeds 3-4, angular, red.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
April-July
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District(s):
Thiruvananthapuram, Idukki, Palakkad, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Shola forests and evergreen forests
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Distribution:
South East Asia and China
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
1000-1400
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Localities:
Chokkampetti, Pachapallam, Silent Valley R. F., Damsite, Old Devicolam, Chemungi, Chemungi
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