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Xylia xylocarpa
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Family:
FABACEAE/LEGUMINOSAE (Subfam.: Mimosoideae)
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Citation: Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.) Taub., Bot. Centralbl. 47: 395. 1891; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 417(295). 1919; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 101. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 168. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 152. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 172. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 153. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 234. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 190. 1990; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 73. 1992; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 176. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 123. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 11,17. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 171. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 245. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 128. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 113. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 206. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 272. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 341. 2009.
Mimosa xylocarpa Roxb., Pl. Corom. t. 100. 1798.
Xylia dolabriformis sensu Bedd., Fl. Sylv. t. 186. 1872, non. Benth. 1842; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 286. 1878 p.p.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Irul, Irulpool, Irumullu, Kadamaram, Pangal
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Deciduous trees; to 20 m high; bole often fluted; bark 10-15 mm thick, reddish-brown, mottled with white, rough, exfoliations irregular; brittle. Leaves bipinnate, alternate, pinnae 2, opposite, even pinnate 8-30 cm, slender, glabrous, leaflets 4-18, opposite, with a gland between each pairs; 5-33.5 x 2.5-6 cm, oblong-acuminate, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, apex acute or acuminate, base obtuse or acute, margin entire, glabrous, coriaceous; stipules small, free, lateral, deciduous; rachis 4-18 cm long, stout, glabrous, pulvinate, with an orbicular gland at tip; lateral nerves 6-12 pairs, pinnate, prominent; intercostae reticulate. Flowers bisexual, sessile, dull yellow, in axillary globose heads; bracteole club shaped. Calyx 4 mm long, tubular, 5-toothed. Petals 5, 1.5 cm long, linear, slightly connate at base, valvate. Stamens 10, free, exserted, filaments slender; anthers tipped with a stalked gland which is early deciduous. Ovary sessile, style filiform; stigma terminal. Fruit a pod 10-15 x 5-6 cm, flat, broadly falcate, woody, compressed, dehiscent, septate between the seeds; seeds 4-10, oblong, compressed, brown, shining.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
February-December
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Moist deciduous forests, also in the plains
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Distribution:
Indo-Malesia
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
White, Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Peechi, Poringal, Vazhachal, Athirapally, KFRI garden, Koruthode, Anakkalvayal, Padippara, Walayar, Nilambur, Thannithode, Perunthenaruvi, Parappa, Periyarum, Taliparamba, Ambayathode, Kannoth R.F., Dhoni R. F., Mukkali forests, Adiperanda area, Nootavan
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