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Adenanthera pavonina
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Family:
FABACEAE/LEGUMINOSAE (Subfam.: Mimosoideae)
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Citation: Adenanthera pavonina L., Sp. Pl. 384. 1753; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 287. 1878; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 418(296). 1919; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 102. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 166. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 149. 1985; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 150. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 228. 1990; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 54. 1992; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 172. 1994; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 171. 1996; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 206. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 264. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 334. 2009.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Manchadai, Maniadi, Manjati
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Circassian tree, Coral wood, Red bead tree, Red wood
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Description:
Deciduous trees; to 20 m high; bark grey to reddish-brown, smooth, blaze dull yellow; branchlets sparsely to densely minutely tomentellous to glabrous. Leaves bipinnate, alternate, stipulate; stipules minute, free, lateral, cauducous; rachis 14.5-62.5 cm long, stout, pulvinate, grooved above, glabrous, with a gland at the tip; pinnae 2-3 pairs, 2-42 cm, opposite or rarely subopposite, even pinnate, slender, grooved above, pulvinate, puberulent; leaflets 8-20, alternate, estipellate; petiolule up to 3 mm long; lamina 1.3-8×. 8-4.2 cm, oblong, oblong-elliptic, base slightly oblique and truncate, apex round, emarginate or obtuse and mucronate, margin entire, puberulent above and glaucous beneath, chartaceous; lateral nerves 9-10 pairs, parallel, slender, obscure, intercostae reticulate, faint. Flowers bisexual, pale yellow, 6 mm across, clustered in axillary spiciform racemes; bracts to 5 mm, linear, bracteole to 1 mm, pedicel to 3 mm; calyx tube campanulate, 1 mm, 5 toothed, pubescent; petals 5, connate below, linear-lanceolate, upto 4.5 mm long, glabrous; stamens 10, free, filaments filiform, alternately long and short; anthers oblong, ending in a stipitate gland; ovary subsessile, flat, 3 mm; style 2 mm, filiform; stigma simple. Fruit a pod 10-25 x 0.7-1.5 cm, straight to falcate to slightly twisted, spirally coiled after dehiscence, thin, septate within, tapered at base, apex acute, glabrous; seeds 6-15, 8-10 x 7-9 mm, elliptic-lenticular, glossy, red.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
January-September
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Planted as ornamental tree
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Distribution:
Sri Lanka, North East India, Myanmar, Thailand, Malesia and China
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
Yes
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Garden:
Yes
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Peechi, Bekal, Kumarapuram
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