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Berberis tinctoria
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Family:
BERBERIDACEAE
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Citation: Berberis tinctoria Lesch., Mem. Paris 9: 306. 1822; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 32(23). 1915; R.R. Rao & B.D. Naithani in B. D. Sharma et al., Fl. India 1: 386. 1993; Swarup. et al., Shola For. Kerala 43. 1998; N.C. Nair in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 197. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 109. 2009.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Kozhikkal-mullu
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Evergreen, erect shrub, variable in size and form, often 1-2 m high, in forests to 4 m high; stems furrowed, pale brown; wood very tough, bright yellow; spines 3-fid, 1.5-3 cm long. Leaves obovate, entire, rarely with 1 or 2 spinules, obtuse, mucronate, 1.5-3.5 x 0.7-1.3 cm, thick, purplish when young, papillose, dull above, pruinose beneath; petioles 2-5 mm long. Flowers in 10-20 flowered racemes or panicles, 3.5-5 cm long, yellow; pedicels 5-10 mm long, red. Prophylls ca 1 x 0.5 mm. Outer sepals obovate, acute ca 7 x 5 mm; the inner ovate or obovate, obtuse, ca 4 x 2.5 mm. Petals obovate, ca 6 x 4.5 mm, clawed; claws glandular at base. Stamens ca 5 mm long, short apiculate. Ovary stipitate. Berries spindle shaped, 9-10 x ca 5 mm excluding 1-1.5 mm long dry style and large round stigma still attached, purplish red turning dark blue with glaucous bloom.
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Habit:
Shrub
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Flowering & Fruiting:
February-June
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District(s):
Idukki, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Shola forests
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Distribution:
India, Afghanistan and Bhutan
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
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