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Garcinia gummi-gutta var. gummi-gutta
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Family:
CLUSIACEAE/GUTTIFERAE
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Citation: Garcinia gummi-gutta (L.) Robs., Brittonia 20: 103. 1968, var. gummi-gutta; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 80. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 70. 1985; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 19. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 54. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 72. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 45. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 70. 1990; N.P. Singh in B.D. Sharma & Sanjappa, Fl. India 3:110.1993; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 71. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 24. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 22,30. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 52. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 30. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 68. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 25. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 30. 1999; Ravikumar & Ved, Illustr. Field Guide 100 Red Listed Med. Pl. 146. 2000 Pradeep, Fl. Vellarimala 24. 2000; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 22. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 84. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 70. 2005; W. Arisdason & P. Daniel in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 336. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 109. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 135. 2009.
Cambogia gummi-gutta L., Gen. Pl. (ed.5) 522. 1754.
Garcinia cambogia (Gaertn.) Desr. in Lam., Encycl. 3: 701. 1792; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 261. 1874; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 73(53). 1915.
Mangostana cambogia Gaertn., Fruct. 2: 106. 1790.
Garcinia cambogia (Gaertn.) Desr. var. conicarpa (Wight) Anders. in Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 262. 1874; W. Arisdason & P. Daniel in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 336. 2005.
Garcinia conicarpa Wight, Ic. t. 121. 1839.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Korakkapuli, Kodampuli, Kudapuli, Kokakkappuli, Marapuli, Meenpuli, Perumpuli, Pinampuli, Pinar
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Malabar Gamboge
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Description:
Evergreen trees, to 20 m high, bark 4 mm thick, black, rough, thinly scaly; blaze creamy yellow; exudation pale yellow, sticky; branchlets terete, glabrous, drooping. Leaves simple, opposite, decussate, 7-15 x 2-8 cm, elliptic or elliptic-oblanceolate or lanceolate, base cuneate, or attenuate, apex acute or shortly obtusely acuminate, margin entire, glabrous, coriaceous, shining; lateral 10-16 pairs, pinnate, slender, ascending, prominent, arched towards the margin forming intramarginal nerve, intercostae reticulate, faint; petiole 5-20 mm long, stout, channelled above, ligulate process at the base small, glabrous. Flowers polygamodioecious, yellowish-white; male flowers: 3-5 in short axillary fascicles; pedicels 7-15 mm long, thickened towards tip, often reflexed; sepals 4, fleshy with membranous margin, coriaceous, ovate or obovate, outer 2 smaller than inner; petals 4, twice as long as the petals, concave with narrow membranous margin; stamens 10-20 or more, inserted on a short convex receptacle, monadelphous, forming a globular head; anthers ca. 0.5 mm long, basifixed; rudimentary pistil absent or minute; female flowers: 1-3 in terminal and axillary fascicles, larger than male flowers; pedicels 4-6 mm long; sepals and petals as in male; staminodes 10-20, filaments unequal, connate at base in a ring around the ovary or grouped in unequal bundles; anthers bilocular; ovary superior, globular, 8-10 locular, ovule one in each locule; stigmatic rays 8-10, spreading, free nearly to the base, margin tuberculate. Fruit a berry, ovoid to subglobose, 4-5 cm diameter, yellow or red, 8-10 grooved, grooves ending about the middle, pericarp very thick, fleshy; seeds 6-8, ovoid, compressed, pale brown, veined; aril succulent, white or red.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
January-September
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Evergreen forests, along stream banks, also cultivated
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Distribution:
South India and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
Yes
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
50-1800
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Localities:
Peechi, Vellanimala, Vazhani, Kallar, Kattalappara, Chinnar, Olikkudy, Vallakkadavu, Puthussery, Chandanathode, Kariamchola, On the banks of Kunthipuzha, Damsite, Kodumon, Manantody, Parappa, Karivara slopes, Varadimalai area, Vandanam, Thalichola, Ettap
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