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Olea dioica
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Family:
OLEACEAE
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Citation: Olea dioica Roxb., Fl. Ind. 1: 105. 1820; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 3: 612. 1882; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 796(559). 1923; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 158. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 249. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 224. 1985; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 173. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 273. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 237. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 405. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 276. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 286. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 210. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 12,18,24,32; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 275. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 199. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 405. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 240. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 186. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 185. 2002; P.S. Green, Kew. Bull. 57: 121. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 432. 2002; P. S. Green, Kew Bull. 58: 259. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 304. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 415. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 513. 2009.
Olea laevis Stokes, Bot. Comm. 1: 30. 1830.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Edana, Edala, Karivetti, Koruku, Vayala, Vayana, Vetila, Vidana, Palarana
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Trees, to 15 m high, bark grey or brown, rough, shallowly vertically grooved. Leaves simple, opposite, 6-14.5 x 3-6 cm, elliptic, elliptic-oblong or elliptic lanceolate, apex acute to acuminate, base acute, margin serrate or entire, glabrous, punctate, pink when young, coriaceous; petiole 7-10 mm, slender, glabrous, grooved above; lateral nerves 8-12 pairs, pinnate, slender, glabrous; intercostae obscure. Flowers polygamo-dioecious, creamy-white, small, in panicles, axillary or from leafless nodes, pedicellate, 4 mm long, male panicles larger and denser than hermaphrodite. Calyx 1 mm, 4 teethed, campanulate, obtuse, ciliate. Corolla 2.5 mm long, lobes 4, shorter than the tube, triangular, obtuse, hairy within. Stamens 2, included, anthers sessile, 1 mm. Ovary 1.2 mm, 2-celled, superior, 4 ovuled; style 0.7 mm, short; stigma capitate. Fruit a drupe, 8 x 6 mm, ellipsoid, blue; seeds 6 x 4 mm, minutely muriculate.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
November-April
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Semi-evergreen and moist deciduous forests, also in the plains
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Distribution:
India
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Creamy, White
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
400-700
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Localities:
Peechi, Vellanimala, Kallar, Kattalappara, Samplampetty, Kumily, Kariamchola, Kaikatty, Boneccord, Kakki hills, Damsite, Pathenthode, Chandanathode, Karimbam, Parappa, Sreekantapuram, Dhoni R. F., Kaikatty forests-Pothundy, Kannoth, Kottur R.F., Kayamkul
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