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Terminalia cuneata
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Family:
COMBRETACEAE
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Citation: Terminalia cuneata Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 379. 1821; Gangop. & Chakrab., Journ. Econ. Tax. Bot. 16:556.1992; Gangop. & Chakrab., Journ. Econ. Tax. Bot. 21: 349. 1997; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 352. 2009.
Pentaptera cuneata (Roth) DC., Prodr. 3: 14. 1828.
Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn., Prodr. 314. 1834; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 447. 1878; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 465(329). 1919; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 155. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 178. 1988; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 102. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 196. 1990; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 127. 1999; Ravikumar & Ved, Illustr. Field Guide 100 Red Listed Med. Pl. 369. 2000.
Pentaptera arjuna Roxb. ex DC., Prodr. 3: 14. 1828.
Terminalia berryi Wight & Arn., Prodr. 314. 1834.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Attumaruthu, Kattukadukka, Kulamaruthu, Neermaruthu, Puzhamatthi, Vellamatthi, Vellamaruthu, Vellilaya
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Tamil name(s):
Arjuna
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English name(s):
Arjun, White murdah
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Description:
Evergreen trees, to 30 m, bole often buttressed; bark 6-8 mm thick, surface pinkish-grey, smooth, flaking off in thin layers; blaze pink; exudation red, gummy; branchlets drooping. Leaves simple, opposite to alternate, estipulate; petiole 5-15 mm long, stout, grooved above, glabrous; lamina 7.5-16 x 3.7-8.5 cm, oblong, elliptic, oblong-ovate or oblong-obovate, base round, obtuse or cordate, apex obtuse or round, margin crenulate or entire, glabrous, coriaceous, 2 glands at the base on the lowerside; lateral nerves 10-17 pairs, pinnate, arched towards the margin, prominent, intercostae reticulate, prominent. Flowers bisexual, dull yellow, 2-3 mm across, in short axillary spikes; calyx tube 0.5-2 x 1-1.5 mm, constricted above the ovary, pubescent; lobes 5, cream, 1.5 mm, triangular, glabrous; disc 5-lobed, pilose; petals 0; stamens 10, in 2 rows; filaments 3-4 mm, subulate, exserted; anthers small; ovary ovoid, 1.5 mm, inferior, pubescent, 1-celled; ovules 2 or 3, pendulous; style subulate, small. Fruit a drupe, 6 x 3 cm, oblong, 5-7 winged; wings equal, lines on the wings oblique and curving upwards, apex notched; seed one.
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Habit:
Tree
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Flowering & Fruiting:
November-June
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District(s):
Kasaragode, Idukki, Palakkad, Kannur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Dry Deciduous forests
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Distribution:
India and Sri Lanka
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Aquatic:
No
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
Yellow
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Dicotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
-1400
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Localities:
Champakkad, Kuttar, Pisiadamala, Karimbam, Begur, Tolpetty, Mukkali forests, Pooyamkutty, Kulathupuzha
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